What is BPH (Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia) and How Does It Affect Men’s Health?

What is BPH?

BPH, or Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia, is a common condition in older men. It means the prostate gland is enlarged but not cancerous. Because the prostate sits below the bladder, it can press on the urethra as it grows. This can cause problems with urination. Many men notice symptoms as they age. However, BPH is not the same as prostate cancer. It is important to know the difference. According to the CDC, BPH affects millions of men worldwide.

Common Symptoms of BPH

Many men with BPH experience changes in how they urinate. These symptoms can be mild or severe. But they often get worse over time. Here are some common signs:

Frequent need to urinate, especially at night

Weak or slow urine stream

Difficulty starting urination

Feeling like the bladder is not empty

Stopping and starting while urinating

Dribbling at the end of urination

Sometimes, symptoms can affect daily life. If you notice these signs, you should talk to your doctor.

Causes and Risk Factors

Doctors do not know the exact cause of BPH. However, several factors can increase your risk. Age is the main risk factor. Most men over 50 have some prostate growth. In addition, hormones may play a role. Family history can also increase your risk. Here are some common risk factors:

Being over 50 years old

Having a family history of prostate problems

Obesity or lack of physical activity

Heart disease or diabetes

Hormone changes with age

Even though these factors raise your risk, not all men will develop BPH.

How BPH is Diagnosed

If you have symptoms of an enlarged prostate, your doctor will ask about your health and do a physical exam. Often, they will check your prostate by feeling it through the rectum. This is called a digital rectal exam. In addition, your doctor may order tests to rule out other problems. Common tests include:

Urine test to check for infection

Blood test to check kidney function

Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) test

Ultrasound to see the prostate size

Urine flow study to measure how well you urinate

These tests help your doctor find the best treatment for you. Early diagnosis can prevent problems.

Treatment Options for BPH

Treatment for BPH depends on your symptoms and health. Some men only need regular check-ups. Others may need medicine or surgery. Here are common BPH treatment options:

Watchful waiting for mild symptoms

Medications to relax the prostate or shrink it

Minimally invasive procedures to remove extra tissue

Surgery for severe cases

Your doctor will help you choose the best option. In many cases, medicine can help control symptoms. However, surgery may be needed if symptoms are severe or do not improve.

Lifestyle Tips for Managing BPH

Simple changes can help manage BPH symptoms. Even small steps can make a big difference. Try these tips:

Limit caffeine and alcohol, as they can irritate the bladder

Avoid drinking fluids before bedtime

Go to the bathroom when you feel the urge

Stay active with regular exercise

Eat a healthy diet rich in fruits and vegetables

Maintain a healthy weight

Because these habits support prostate health, they may also help prevent other problems.

Prevention and When to See a Doctor

While you cannot always prevent BPH, healthy habits may lower your risk. For example, staying active and eating well can help. But if you notice changes in urination, do not ignore them. See a doctor if you have:

Trouble urinating

Pain or burning during urination

Blood in your urine

Inability to urinate

Early treatment can prevent serious problems. Remember, BPH is common and treatable. You do not have to suffer in silence.

Consult a urologist for personalized advice on BPH.